TECHNIQUE na ANNAMESE MUTUM - Kashi na 3: Wanene HENRI OGER (1885 - 1936)?

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A CIKIN MULKIN NA SAMA

HUNG NGEYEN MANH
Mataimakin Farfesa, Likita na Tarihi
Sunan Nick: doki jaka a ƙauyen jami'a
Sunan alkalami: irin ƙwaro

3.1 Wanene Henri Oger 1885 - 1936?

3.1.1 Tsoma bakin Faransawa

 a. A yau, mutanen Vietnam ba su daina gani ba, har ma da silinti, na turawan Faransawan mulkin mallaka a kan ƙasar Vietnam. Ana iya ganin su kawai ta hanyar tsoffin shafukan littattafan tarihi ko kuma ta hanyar ayyukan bincike kamar Bulletin de l'école Française d'Extrême-Orient (Makarantar Faransanci ta gabas), Bulletin de la Société des Études Indochinoises, Bulletin of the Society for Indochinese Nazarin), da Bulletin des Amis du Vieux Huế (Abokan Tsohon Huế Bulletin), ko kuma Publication de IInstitut Indochlorida zuba l'étude de l'homme (bugu na Cibiyar Nazarin Indochinese don Nazarin Mutum)…, Ko kuma ta hanyar takardun bincike kan rayuwar al'adu, da al'adun ruhaniya na mutanen Vietnam wanda wadancan turawan mulkin mallaka na Faransa suka bari. Daga cikin irin waɗannan takardu, wasu daga cikinsu ba wai kawai sun tabbatar da kasancewar masana da yawa na Faransanci ba tun kusan shekaru ɗari, amma kuma sun tabbatar da kasancewar yawancin limaman Katolika da mishaneri tun ƙarni da yawa da suka gabata, ta hanyar ayyukan bincike da yawa kan "Manufa of Jesuits a Tonkin" (*), har ma da babban ci gaba da aka samu yayin tirka-tirka da wadanda basu yarda ba zuwa Roman Katolika daga 1627 zuwa 1646 ”.  

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(*) Yankin da Ubangiji Tihinh ke sarrafawa daga Đèo Ngang zuwa Arewa VN

     b. Duk waɗannan firistocin da mishaneri ba wai kawai sun sa ƙafa a cikin jihohin kudu da Arewacin Vietnam ba ne kawai, har ma sun shiga zurfafa cikin wurare masu ƙarfi, kamar su. Rev. Uba Savina wanda ya yi nazari kan kabilu masu karamin karfi a yankin tsaunukan Arewa da kuma yankin Yankin Sino-Vietnamese; da Rev. Uba Cadière, wanda banda batutuwa da suka shafi al'umma, yare, da tatsuniya na Vietnamese - sun kuma yi bincike kan tarihin Chams; ko lamarin na Rev. Uba Dourisboure wanda ya yi bincike game da ɗabi'a. Akwai kuma Rev. Uba Alexandre de Rhodes wanda ya wallafa da Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitenum et Latinum - Rome 1651.

    c. Akwai, a lokacin, ba kawai mishaneri da masana ba, har ma da yan kasuwa. Duk da cewa suna aiki sosai da kasuwancin su, har yanzu suna nan a Arewa don rubuta dangantakar su kamar ta Tavernier, ko kuma na Sama’ila Baron (Ba'amurke ne) wanda ya ba da kwatancen ƙasar da ya ziyarta. Sun kuma mai da hankali sosai ga yanayin siyasa da na zamantakewa, da al'adu da al'adu, yanayin ƙasa, da tarihin yaren a wuraren da suka ziyarta.

     d. Amma, a matsayin alama ta musamman, akwai masu kula da Faransanci waɗanda ba wai kawai sun kula da gudanarwar ba, har ma sun sami adadi mai yawa don aiwatar da ayyukan bincike kamar na Sabatier wanda ya yi nazarin dokar al'ada da sigar ta Ede kabila, Landabi'u waɗanda suka mai da hankali sosai ga tatsuniyoyi da yare, kuma tailpiece - duk da cewa ya kasance jami'in al'ada, ya yi aiki a matsayin mai fassara ga Ma'aikatar Shari'a ta Indochinese kuma ya koyar da Vietnamese da Sinawa ga jami'an Faransanci. Amma ga shugaban Sojan Sama Cesbron, ya kasance yana son ta ɗaukaka almara da labarin turanci da tatsuniyoyi har sama.

     e. Akwai kuma mai kula da 'yan sanda Bajot wanda ya fassara Chiểu'mawaka Larsc Vân Tiên cikin Faransanci, yana mai da hankalinsa ga kowace aya, kowace kalma… Daga cikin masu binciken faransawa da yawa, shahararrun su ne mutane masu zuwa: G. Dumoutier - masanin ilmin kimiya na kayan tarihi, masanin kimiyyar kimiyyar kimiyyar sararin samaniya - wanda Janar Janar ya dauke shi aiki a matsayin mai fassara, Maurice Durand, sanannen marubuci na aikin mai taken  "Hotunan Mashahurin Fannin Vietnamese". Pierre Huard wanda ya rubuta littafin da aka fi sani da suna  "Ilimin Vietnam", kuma mafi kusa, mun kasance Philippe Langlet, likita a tarihi, wanda ya koyar da Adabi a tsohuwar Jami'ar Saigon, kuma ya fassara “Khâm Đšh Việt Sử Thống Giám Cương kungiyac (1970)” (Sahihiyar Tarihin Vietnam) kuma yayi amfani dashi azaman rubutun don samun digirin sa na likita. A yau, ba mutane da yawa daga wannan ƙarni suka tsira. Sun ba da wuraren su ne kawai ga wasu Rasha, Jafananci, Amurkawa ental Dangane da ra'ayoyin binciken, wanda zai iya kasancewa na zahiri ne ko manufa, yare ko magana… ana nuna karatun Vietnamese a gaban idanunsu tare da sabbin abubuwa.

   f. Koyaya, bayan bincika duk takaddun da aka bari a baya kamar yadda aka ambata a sama bamu haɗu da kowane mai bincike na Faransa wanda sunan sa yake ba Henri Oger! Wataƙila, ya kamata mu karanta labarin ta Pierre Huard, ana aiwatar da su Bulletin de l'école Française d'Extrême-Orient da kuma mai taken "Henri Oger, majagaba a fasahar Vietnamese"  (1) (fig. 72). Abubuwan da ke cikin wannan labarin na iya ɗan haskaka wannan faransawan.

Fig.72: PUERRE HUARD'S TARIHI:
"Henri Oger - Majagaba a cikin fasahar Vietnamese"

3.1.2 Rayuwar Henri Oger

- Mutum ne wanda ba a sani ba - ƙaddara mara kyau, ta faɗo cikin kusan karni. Majagaba a cikin fasahar Vietnam? Ta hanyar labarin Pierre Huard, mun koyi cewa:

     a. Henri Oger (1885-1936) an haife shi a Montrevault (Maine da Loire) a ranar 31 ga Oktoba, 1885. Ya sami digirin digirgir (Latin, Helenanci, Falsafa) tare da takardar shaidar digiri a 1995, sannan ya ci gaba da karatunsa mai zurfi (sashe na 4).

      Oger Sylvain Lévy, Louis Finot, da kuma furofesoshi a Institut de Faransa (Cibiyar Faransa); bayan ya sami digirin digirin digirgir, ya ci gaba da karatunsa mai zurfi a cikin Jami'ar Sorbonne a birnin Paris. A cikin 1907, Oger ya nemi Ofishin mulkin mallaka ya tura shi Tonkin don ya yi aikin soja a cikin shekaru biyu (1908-1909) kuma an bashi izinin yin hakan (a wancan lokacin H. Oger bai wuce shekara 23 ba).  Sannan ya halarci makarantar Colonial (1909) kuma ya kammala karatunsa tare da matsayi na 4 a cikin daliban 26 daga zaman sa. Yayin da yake ci gaba da karatunsa, Oger ya sake kammala karatunsa na Yaren mutanen Vietnam da kuma kwas ɗin Sinanci.

     A ranar Yuni 3,1914, Oger ya dawo, aka rage shi zuwa shekara 1, zuwa Faransa. A ranar 17 ga Yuni, 1915, aka sake tattara shi. Kodayake wakilan Faransa sun yaba da daɗin sannu, Oger ba a yarda ya yi aiki a Faransa ba kuma dole a koma Vietnam.

     Saboda yawan aiki da yawa, Oger Ya kamata a kwantar da shi a asibiti sau da yawa, kuma a ranar 18 ga Yuni, 1919, aka maido shi kuma yana kan jerin masu ritaya (Oktoba 18,1920).  Neman karin cikin wannan lokacin, Loonie bari mu san cewa mutane sun gani Oger a Spain tun daga watan Fabrairun 1932, amma daga baya ba wanda ya sake jin labarinsa, kuma ana ganin ya ɓace a cikin 1936.

     Ba wanda ya san ranar Ogerauren, amma sun kasance ma'aurata ba su da ɗa. Wannan bazawara tana zaune a No.35 Libération avenue, a Chantilly (Oise) daga 1952 kuma ya mutu a ranar 28 ga Disamba, 1954.

     b. Wannan shi ne duk abin da Pierre Huard zai iya gano game da Henri Oger'rayuwar; idan da akwai abin da ya fi, to ayyukan ayyukan kimiyya ne waɗanda suka cika rayuwarsa. Daga baya, mutane suka kimanta Oger a matsayin masanin kimiyya, masanin, wanda ya amfana da aikin soja da hanyoyin gudanarwa a cikin mulkin faransa don gamsar da ƙoshin ƙishinsa na ilimi, da kuma yin ayyukan bincike a fannonin ilimin harshe da rubutu.

     Oger ya hau kan aikinsa kamar mahaukaci. Ya kirkiro wani shiri na kafa Indochina a Kungiyar Bincike da nufin ilmantarwa game da ilimin harshe da kuma yaruka iri daban daban kamar wanda aka kirkira a Indiya, wanda Turawan Ingila suka kirkira.

     Duk da haka, Oger zai iya yin waɗannan ayyukan kawai amma bai iya bin hanyoyin da ya bi ba. Shin saboda rayuwarsa mara dadi ce, rashin lafiyarsa da kuma cutarwar da ya samu, wancan Oger Wajibi ne ya bar ayyukan bincikensa ba tare da kammalawa ba?

3.1.3 Me suke so?

     a. Shin gaskiya ne cewa, tunda suka fara tafiya a Vietnam, masanan kimiyya na Occidental sun dogara da kansu kan hanyoyin kimiyya da ingantaccen tsarin bincike, musamman lokacinda suke da duk hanyoyin da suke akwai, tare da taimakon gwamnatin mulkin mallaka, don haka suna da , tare da ra'ayinsu na musamman, ya shiga zurfafa bincike a fannoni daban-daban na bincike, wanda masana 'yan asalin Koyon Vietnam, saboda masaniyar masaniyar irin waɗannan al'amuran, ba su gani ba ko watsi da aiki? Duk waɗannan bayanan bincike waɗanda aka bari a baya sun taimaka sosai ga mutanen zamanin da suka gabata don kammala ainihin bayanan takardun da aka gina da kuma magabatan mu na Vietnam.

     b. Ko yaya, taimako daga ɓangaren mulkin mulkin mallaka gabaɗayan kimiyya da rashin son kai ne? Haƙiƙa sun buƙaci malamai su gabatar da takardu waɗanda ke nufin yin amfani da dalilai na gudanarwa. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa wasu malaman kwatsam suka kasa samun manufa, gaskiya da madaidaiciya tunani kan aiwatar da bincike a kan kwayoyin halitta?

      Da farko, shin da gaske ne cewa hanyoyinsu sun karɓi ra'ayin mahallin al'adu na haɗari, a wani lokaci lokacin da mulkin mallaka ya ci gaba? Sun gudanar da aikin bincike akan mutane, ba don kokarin kusantar sa ba, amma a zahiri don cinye shi.

"Lokacin da ake son gudanar da mulkin mallaka ta hanyar da ta dace, da farko dole ne mutum ya fahimci mutanen da yake jagoranta sosai".

     Wadannan kalmomin da aka ambata a sama na Janar Janar Doin nau'in umarni ne. Amma, shin gaskiya ne cewa, don fahimtar mutane sosai, Doumer ya dogara ne akan makarantar aiki na ɗabi'ar ɓoye wanda aikinsa ba shine bayyana tushen tarihi da halayen mutanen ba, amma a zahiri ya ƙunshi nuna mahimmancin aiki da ainihin aiki da irin waɗannan abubuwan a cikin zamantakewar mutane, da nunawa da tsayayyun manufofi? (1).

c. Bayan haka, shin gaskiya ne cewa a cikin hanyoyin tattara takardu, da gudanar da bincike, wannan makarantar ta mai da hankali sosai ga abubuwan mamaki, waɗanda suka haifar da abin dubawa akan irin waɗannan al'adu da ɗabi'un don ƙoƙarin ganowa da fahimta game da alamuransu, sabili da m dandano

      Kuma ya dace hakan Oger Shin a zahiri an wadata shi da waɗancan manufofi, manufa, da hanyoyin zuwa wannan baƙon ƙasar? Kuma idan haka ne, to yaya akayi Oger zabi abu don karatu?

     If Pierre Poivre ne adam wata Na je can nesa don nazarin yanayin siyasa, al'adu da halaye, addinai, samfurori, da kasuwanci a Cochin China, a cikin shekarun 1749 da 1750, sannan H. Oger ya tafi don yin ayyukan tabo a kan kayan duniya da wayewar kai a ciki "Tonkin" a cikin shekarun 1908 da 1909.

     d. A cikin tsarin koyo da fahimta, H. Oger ya gano ainihin fasaha tare da burushi na lissome (fig. 73), haka rayuwa a hannun kwararrun masu fasaha, gami da zane-zane wanda yakasance al'ada, kuma an shirya shi cikin guilds da ƙungiyoyi. Bugu da ƙari, akwai kuma shinkafar masana'anta na Inabi ƙauyen, sananne ne don santsi da taƙarta, baya ƙasa da nau'in takarda da aka samar a cikin aukuwar. Dukkanin abubuwan sun karfafa Oger sanya “Oda”. Yaya aka yi odar kayan? Shin hotunan bukukuwan gargajiya ne kamar yadda aka gani Dumoutier? Idan haka ne, to Oger ba dole ne ya yi wahala sosai ba a cikin shekaru biyu kuma ba za a iya kiransa ba "Majagaba a fasahar vietnamese" by Loonie; Oger ya so ya sami aikin bincike na asali da na asali akan iyalai dan asalin ƙasar Vietnam, suna karɓar "Hanyar mutum ɗaya".

Fig.73: RANAR KYAUTA NA BUKATAR HUKUNCIN HUKUNCIN SAUKI

     e. Oger ya yi imanin cewa halayyar wannan hanyar ta ƙunshi samar da kudaden da aka yi amfani da su don sutura, kayan abinci, gidaje, albashi da kayan daki. Oger ya gama zuwa rukuni biyar na abubuwan da muke iya kira babi.

     Fasali na farko yana magana da kayan, wanda ya ƙunshi nau'ikan guda uku, ma'adinai, ciyayi, da dabbobi waɗanda ake amfani da su don kera samfura da abubuwan da suka dace don ayyukan iyalai da al'umma. Babi na biyu yana magana akan kayan aikin gidaje (fig. 74) da sutura. Fasali na uku ya shafi abinci ne, ci da sha, da kiyaye tsafta da kiwon lafiya. Fasali na huɗu ya shafi haske da dafa abinci. Na karshen kuma shine babin da yake magana akan kayan aiki da kayan aiki.   

Fig.74: MATA MATA SATI KYAUTA HAT

     f. Don fahimtar abin da ke ciki na bukatar Oger sun tafi tare da shi wani mai zane-zane na Vietnam, wanda ya kware a zane zane, kuma ya yi bankwana game da ginin ma'aikata da shagunan. (fig.75).An gabatar da tambayoyi masu girma dangane da kiran kira, masu girma dabam, hanyoyin kirkirar kayan, amfani da irin wadannan kayan aikin ko kayan aikin.

Fig.75: KYAUTA MA'ANAR FARKO SHAWARA

     A sketcher tayi sauri ta zana akan takarda tana aiki a kowane ɗayan matakan nata, ta ɗan ɗauka kamar mai daukar hoto.

     Sabili da haka, a cewar Oger, wannan hanyar tana bashi damar sake kirkirar jerin abubuwa da dama wadanda suke iri daya kuma ta hanyar zane-zane daban daban wadanda suke kammala juna, wato kayan aiki ko abubuwa (fig. 76) da kuma isharar da aka sanya don amfani dasu. Irin waɗannan kayan aikin da aka yi da katako, da baƙin ƙarfe, da kwano, da gora za su kammala juna kuma su yi bayanin kansu lokacin da aka tsara su kuma aka yi amfani da su tare.

Fig.76: BAMBOO SWING

     g. Ya ci gaba da bin hanyar da ya bi don kansa, kuma ya ba wa aikinsa ƙimar kimiya ta hakika Oger ya kasance, bayan shekaru biyu na karatu kai tsaye, ya ɗauki waɗannan zane-zane don nuna musu manyan malaman Confucius waɗanda suka bincika kuma suka haɗa su.

     Bisa lafazin Oger, wannan hanyar musayar ayyuka zata jagoranci mutum daga sanannun abubuwan zuwa abubuwan da har yanzu ba'a sansu ba kuma zuwa sababbin abubuwan da aka gano. Kuma, daga irin wannan tushe, masu zane-zanen Vietnam suna iya sake fasalin ma da tsofaffin al'adu da halaye waɗanda ba su wanzu a wannan zamanin a cikin al'ummarmu (2).

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(1) Tarihin ci gaban ilimin ɗabi'a da na makarantu daban-daban. Nazarin ilimin kabilanci - 1961, A'a. 21 mai kwanan wata 15,1961

 (2) a. A cikin dubunnan zane-zane, mun samo da yawa daga cikinsu waɗanda ke bayanin hotunan da aka ɓata lokaci mai tsawo kamar wanda ke nuna mummunan yanayin “Rafton ruwa mai zurfi” an zana shi. Wannan shine wurin da ake daure masu laifi biyu zuwa ga raftan da ke ɗauke da alamar da ke cewa: "Muguwar mazinaciya da mazinaciya ana saka su a cikin raga kuma an saukar da ita azaman horo". Hannun da ƙafafun masu laifin suna ƙusance shi a kan guntun itace da aka shimfiɗa a kan raft. Ana nuna macen tsirara kuma namiji yana samun kansa mai aski, kuma wani zai yi mamaki idan ya kasance wata ma'anar ce sanye da toga? Tashin hankali yana kan ruwa cikin hatsarin gaske kuma babu wanda ya isa ya kula dashi (fig.77).

Fig.77: BAMBOO SWING

     Idan har abin da ya faru na mai laifin da ya tattake shi ko giwa ko ya zana shi da dawakai ya kasance a wannan lokacin kawai karar da inuwa ne, to wannan yanayin na “Rafton ruwa mai zurfi” na iya tunatar da mu ne kawai game da aikin mai taken: Bayanin "Quan Yin'snotation" a cikin abin da mai arziki ya tambayi ɗansa game da marubucin haihuwar Thi M'au:  (Kuna iya faɗi gaskiya kuma ku ƙare da wannan al'amari, otherwise za ku yi haɗarin haɗarin an saka ku a cikin raft kuma ku bar zuwa hawa saman ruwa).

     Wannan abin da aka ambata a sama an yi rikodin sa G. Dumoutier a cikin aikinsa mai taken: "Muhimmai a kan Dankin Turanci" (*) 101 kamar haka: "A watan Mayu 1898, daya daga cikin wadannan barayin jirgin saman ya fashe a gefen kogunan N"

       b. Kafin juyin juya hali na Oktoba, har ila yau muna tuna yanayin da wani miji wanda ya aikata laifin ta matar sa mazinaciya, ya aske kanta, ya ɗaure ta, ya binta a kan tituna. Yayin tafiya wannan miji ya fallasa kurakuran matar sa, kuma ya doke kan ƙaramin ganga don ya kunyata matar sa vis-à-vis duk ƙauyen.

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(*) G. DUMOUTIER - Matsaloli akan Tonkinese - Imprimerie d'Extrême - Gabas - Hanoi, Haiphong, 1908, P.43

     h. Kasancewa mai binciken kimiyya, Oger ya yi imanin cewa babu wani abin da ya fi zafi kamar karanta kwatancin kayan aiki ko isharar ba tare da ɗauke da zane-zane a ƙarƙashin idanun mutum ba. Babu 'yan marubuta kaɗan waɗanda suke da tunani mai ma'ana kuma, a zahiri, mutum na iya samun kyakkyawar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya tare da idanunsa mafi sauƙin fiye da karatu. Saboda wannan dalili, aikin Oger ya ƙunshi galibi zane da zane-zane. Ba faɗakarwa bane a maimakon haka hanya ce mai ma'ana da ake jayayya akai.

     Oger ya tabbatar da cewa aikinsa, da zarar ya zama rubutaccen rubutu da rubutu, zai zama na kimiyya da manufa. Kowane ɗayan zane an bayyana shi dalla-dalla, sannan sautunan haɗaɗɗun sauti. Oger Har ila yau, ya yi imanin cewa: “Harshen Vietnam yana da wadataccen kayan abu. Dangane da iyawar aikinsa, ga alama bashi da ci gaba sosai ".

     i. Don wannan dalili, an ba da cikakkun kalmomin a kewayen kusa da zane-zane na 4000, wanda ya sa aikin ya kasance littafi mai kauri.

     Oger ya ci gaba da rarraba takardunsa da abubuwan lura a cikin bangarorin da manyan bangarori don samun nasarar cimma nasara, daga baya, abubuwa da yawa. Da farko, Oger ya rarraba aikinsa zuwa bangarori biyu daban. Wani bangare yana dauke da dukkan faranti da zane. Sauran bangare yana riƙe da matani. Oger yana jin cewa, ta yin hakan, zai iya guje wa duk kwafin bayanan. Bugu da ƙari, wannan hanyar tana ba marubucin damar ƙara sabbin abubuwan lura a bayan tsofaffin, saboda haka, ba ya buƙatar ya sake nazarin littafinsa sau ɗaya a kowace shekara biyar. A bangaren rike matani, Oger ya ba da tebur na abubuwan ciki da ƙididdigar bincike, yana sauƙaƙe amfani da aikinsa.

     j. Koyaya, littafinsa ya zama babban babba, wani nau'in Encyclopedia wanda ke da kusan Siffar 5000, don haka babu gidan buga takardu ko laburari da suka yarda su dauki littafin. Oger Dole ne ya motsa biyan kuɗi zuwa gare shi, amma ya ji cewa ya sadu da "Wawa da busasshiyar al'umma". Bayan ƙungiyar, wasu 20 mutane wanda ya ba Piastres 200 to Oger kashe yadda ya ga dama, bai samu ko sisin kwabo ba daga wasu mutane kuma wannan shine babban jarin da ya samu a hannu. Oger ya iya tattara zane-zane talatin kuma waɗancan mutanen sun yi aiki cikin watanni biyu a jere. Lokacin da suka sami nasarar zane-zane sama da 4000, lokacin bazara ya zo. Lokacin bazara da ake kira da Oger as “Murhu mai ƙonewa”.

     Sakamakon yanayi mai tsauri, Oger kuma abokan aikinsa ba za su iya sanya irin waɗannan zane-zane a ƙarƙashin murfin na'urar bugawa ba don samun adadi mafi yawa. Kuma kamar yadda irin waɗannan zane-zane suka zama ɓatattu Oger Dole ne ya dauko hanyar amfani da hannun-bugu wanda ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Hồ ƙauyen da kuma Hayin Trống st. Wannan yana nuna cewa yana buƙatar samun takarda shinkafa daidai gwargwado don latsa hoton da aka ɗora da tawada tuni; irin wannan takarda ya kasance mai zafin masana'antar shirya shi Ƙauyen Bưởi (a kusanci da Hanoi) daga “dt” itace. Wannan hanyar ta haifar da aiki mai saurin aiki amma alamomin da aka buga suna alama da kyau a takarda akan takarda. Don haka, wannan saitin zane-zane na kunne “Fasaha” ya undesignedly ɗaukar fannin al'adun katako. H. Oger kansa ya ji daɗi ƙwarai da wannan sakamakon da ba a zata ba. Bisa lafazin Oger, wannan gaskiyar tana da fa'idar ba wa littafin salon 'yan asalin ƙasar. "Duk abin Vietnamese ne ” kuma kamar yadda a cewar Oger, wannan aikin ba ya karɓar komai daga wurin wani, ba dogaro da kowa a Indochina, kuma ba kwafe daga kowane takaddar da ke akwai.

     Game da batun da aka ambata a sama, Oger Ya so amsa wa waɗanda suka tabbatar da cewa takardun da ake amfani da shi don tattara littafinsa sun fito Dumoutieraikin.

     Bayan H. Oger ya tabbatar da cewa a yayin aiwatar da ayyukan sa ya sami ceto game da Siffar 400, an riga an zana amma ba a buga ba. Duk irin waɗannan zane-zane da waɗanda aka riga aka buga yanzu suna nan ko sun ɓata? Ba mu da wata masaniya game da wannan (*).

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(*) Tare da taimakon theungiyar istswararrun Pwararrun Pwararrun Pwararrun associationwararru da ta ƙungiyar adabin gargajiya, mun ziyarci mahaifar masu zane a Hải Hưng; mun kuma ziyarci haikalin Hàng Gai da Vũ Thạch pagoda (a cikin Yulin 1985) wurare ne da aka buga aikin kuma aka rarraba shi. Ba mu da lokaci don gudanar da aikin bincike mai zurfi kuma ba mu sami wani abin rubutu da ya rage ba… Shin da gaske ne cewa Henri Oger ya kwashe su duka zuwa Faransa?

     Mun kwatanta Ogerzane-zane tare da wasu takardu da yawa da aka bari ta Dumoutier a cikin "Sabunta Indochinoise" da kuma aikin da ya dace "Muhimmai a kan Dankin Turanci"… Kuma har yanzu basu sami wani abin da zai tabbatar da hakan ba Oger ya yi amfani Dumoutierzanen zane, kodayake akwai 'yan zane-zane iri biyu kamar wanda ke nuna a “Wasan kabad by Dumoutier (fig.78) ɗauke shi daga aikinsa mai taken "Asali a harshen Turanci, p-53" kuma ɗayan H. Oger (fig.79).

Fig.78: KYAUTAR CUTAR CIKI (bayan Dumoutier)

Fig.79: KYAUTAR CUTAR CIKI (bayan Henri-Oger)

   A zane mai nuna yanayin da "Za a bugawa Tam Cúc", cirewa daga Dumoutierlittafin “Hanyoyi a kan harshen Turanci” shafi na 57 (Fig.80) da kuma Oger'Sketch (fig.81).

Fig.80: Wasa TAM CAMC (wasa tare da katunan 32 - bayan G.Dumoutier)

Fig.81: VIETNAMESE GAME DA KUDI 32 (bayan H.Oger)

   Mun kuma yi nazari Pierre Huard'misalai a cikin littafinsa mai suna "Ilimin Vietnam" kuma ba su taɓa ganin wannan marubucin yana amfani ba Oger'Sketches, duk da cewa akwai ma wasu subjectsan littattafan kwafi kamar su Loonie'Misalin “Cutar da kunnuwa” (fig.82) p.169, ɗayan na Dumoutier a shafi na 88, ko na Oger (fig. 83).

Fig.82: CIKIN SAUKAR SAURARA (bayan P.Huard)

Fig.83: CIKIN SAUKAR SAURARA (bayan H.Oger)

     wannan shi ne Pierre HuardMisali "Kafe gida" ()fig.84) (shafi na 212) da kuma Oger'Sketch (fig.85) (Karanta kara kammalawa).

Fig.84: SAURARA DA MATA (bayan Pierre Huard)

Fig.85: SAURARA DA MATA (bayan Henri Oger)

   k. Kafin rubuta gabatarwar, kuma daga baya, wataƙila sauran masu binciken za su sami damar gudanar da bincike mai zurfi da kimantawa marubucin da aikinsa daidai, bari mu ba da kalmomin ga Pierre Huard (1) - wani mai bincike wanda ya ba da hankali sosai kan Vietnam - kuma wanda yake da wadannan bayanan a kai  Oger'aiki.

    "Maido da wannan aikin, wanda har yanzu ba a same shi ba, yana wakiltar farkon babban bincike ne kawai, kaico! Ba a ci gaba ba har yanzu… Kasancewa tare da ruhun aiki mai karkata zuwa ga fasaha, kuma da gangan yin watsi da duk hanyoyin da za a iya yaɗuwa, wannan aikin binciken bai sami goyon bayan jama'a ba a Faransa da Vietnam - jama'a da ke mai da hankali ga rassa irin kamar harshe, ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi, adabin gargajiya "!…" A zamanin yau wannan aikin ya cancanci a sake kimanta shi kuma yakamata a yi karatunsa saboda dalilai biyu masu zuwa: Da farko, yana da ƙimar gargajiya kuma aiki ne na matashi mai bincike da ke aiki a cikin ruwansu ko ma muhallin adawa. Abu na gaba shine gaskiyar cewa wannan aikin ya rubuta gurnani da fasahohi da yawa wanda tsarin tarihi ya sa suka ɓace gaba ɗaya a cikin Vietnam ta yau".

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(1PIERRE HUARD - Majagaba a cikin fasahar Vietnamese - Henri Oger (1885-1936) BEFEO Tome LVII - 1970 - shafi na 215-217.

BAN TU THU
11 / 2019