Kokarin yin nazarin KARATUN HUKUNCIN TARIHIN KASUWANCIN GASKIYA - Sashe na 3
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HUNG NGEYEN MANH
… Za a ci gaba…
A lokacin hutu bakwai, me suka yi a lokacin hutu? Shin sun buga wasu littattafai game da halayen jima'i?
An yi bincike game da jima'i ta hanyar lafiyayyun mutane a duniya. Akwai littattafai kamar Kama Sutra (India), Jima'i da Zen, Da Ma asirin koyarwa, Mahimmancin asirin Ngoc Phong (Sin). Musamman, The Zuwa littafin Nu an ɓoye shi a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya na Sin na shekaru dubu tun Thai Co zamanin (2,550 BC), Zamanin Zinare na yan Adam, yanada karan-yawan jama'a fiye da yau. Daya daga cikin sarakunan ukun a wancan lokacin (Phuc Hy, Fiye da Nong, Hoang De) ya mai da hankali ga wannan lamarin. Kyauta Hy samu Bát quái (Jawabin takwas) kuma ya koyar da mutane game da aure.
Abin sa'a ne ga al'ummarmu cewa sarakunan dauloli daban-daban ba su yi tunanin buga litattafan jima'i a matsayin littattafan batsa ba don son kansu. Kodayake akwai wasu sarakuna masu son zuciya, amma ba a rubuta su a cikin kowane littafi ba, sai don batun Le Long Dinh (986 - 1009), sarki na qarshe na Tien Le Daular. An rubuta shi a cikin littattafan tarihi azaman sarki azzalumi, m, kuma azzalumi sarki. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ya sami suna mai kunya: Le Ngoa Trieu (King Le, wanda koyaushe ya yi ƙarya a kan gado yayin da yake riƙe da kotu).
Baicin lokutan lumana (sau bakwai), ko dai Ph.D. watsi da mai binciken Jafananci wanda aka bayyana dalla-dalla game da rikice-rikicen ikon da ya haifar da yaƙe-yaƙe na cikin gida, amma a cikin bayanan tarihi, muna iya samun wasu maganganu kamar su Mac Dang Taki, Tran Thu Shin, ko Ho Kuy Ly.
Wata hankula hali cewa lokacin da Daular Hau Le fara, rikici ne ya faru nan da nan3. Facungiyoyin sun fara rarrabuwar kawuna tsakanin townsan uwan gari, dangin sarakuna, mutanen da ke da ƙasashe daban-daban, da dai sauransu Musamman, akwai sabani tsakanin mutanen kirki don yin takarar neman kujerar (Tsakanin Le Tu Te, ɗan farin, tare da Le Nguyen Long, ɗa na biyu) da ɓata tsakanin su (An zargi Le Tu Te da hauka).
* * * *
A cikin tarihin zamani da na zamani, daga rabi na biyu na karni na 19 har ya zuwa yanzu, Vietnam ta canza yanayin yadda ake amfani da tsarin zamantakewa tun lokacin mulkin mallaka a kasar. Kodayake an canza yanayin, amma har yanzu ana koyar da mahimman ka'idodin al'umma a cikin kowane iyali daga birane zuwa yankunan karkara. Masana harkar adabi sun sami sabbin dabaru, sabon rubutu, sabon wayewar yamma. Hanyar yare ta Aristotle ta maye gurbin babban ɓangare na al'adun gargajiya na tunanin Confucius, na Gabas. Kwararrun masharhanta ko sojoji sun sami sabbin makamai, sabbin hanyoyin yaƙi, sabbin dabaru, da dai sauransu.
Dubban shekaru da suka gabata, Vietnam ta kasance babban filin yaƙi da Mongolian da abokan China tare da makami mai sauƙi. Daga baya, akwai wasu sabbin dabarun tunani guda biyu wadanda suka mai da Vietnam ta zama makaman yaƙi na zamani tare da filayen nazarin halittu masu amfani da kwari don yaƙi: An yi amfani da Bumblebees wajen kai hari ga sojoji da ke shiga ƙauyuka, ko kuma an yi amfani da kwari don gano ƙungiyoyin soja a cikin yaƙin.Tsutsotsi sun yi fama da matsanancin lokaci sannan sun sauka cikin dazuzzukan don jin warin mutane ta hanyar sojojin). An yi amfani da dabarun soja na Vietnam a yakin guerrilla da yakin anti-guerrilla. An zubar da jinin mutanen Vietnam da hawaye, suna fatan dimokiradiyya, 'yanci, walwala da farin ciki. Wannan shine tunanin dukkan mutane a lokacin Cold War da kuma hanyar tunanin kowace kabila, kowane garinsu, kowace iyali, kowane mutum. Bagadin kakanni ne wanda ya tunatar da al'ummarmu su ƙaunaci juna. Tun daga wannan lokacin, wallafe-wallafe da masanan fasahar yaƙi sun kasance cikin babban haɗin kai da aka taɓa samu a tarihi. Shin wannan shine lokaci na 8 na zaman lafiya wanda al'ummarmu ta yi fata? '
NOTE:
1: LÉON VANDERMEERSCH, Le nouveau monde sinisé, Paris: Seuil, 1985
2: Kwararrun Sojoji guda bakwai sun hada da rubutun zane-zane bakwai daga zamanin Chu, Han, Duong kamar haka:
* Daular Chu: 5
1. Fasaha na yaƙi by Sun Tzu
2. Wuzi - Art na yakin Wu Qi
3. Hanyoyin Sima ta Sima Rangju
4. Wei Liaozi ta Wei Liao
5. Koyarwar dabaru guda shida ta Jiang Ziya
* Daular Han: 1: Dabaru guda uku na Huang Shigong
* Daular Duong: 1: Tambayoyi da amsoshi goma sha biyu Tang Taizong da Li Weigong na Emperror Taizong da Li Jing
3: Le Loi shi ne sarki wanda ya ci sojojin Minh, ya kawo ƙarshen shekaru 20 na mamayar Sinawa, ya kafa Daular Le daga baya, mulki mafi tsawo a tarihin Vietnam.
Sources Tushen adadi: yan.vn, myahola.vn
KARA DUBA:
' Kokarin yin nazarin KARATUN HUKUNCIN TARIHIN KASUWANCIN GASKIYA - Sashe na 1.
' Kokarin yin nazarin KARATUN HUKUNCIN TARIHIN KASUWANCIN GASKIYA - Sashe na 2.
BAN TU THU
11 / 2019